PLEASE NOTE: some answers may be slightly different and yet correct.
Page 65.
2 Tundra (page 64), coral reef and city (page 65).
Tundra is near the North Pole, coral reef is in
a warm ocean, cities occupies 2% of the planet.
Tundra is terrestrial, a coral reef is aquatic and
a city is artificial.
3 Tundra: reindeer, caribou,
arctic foxes, polar bears, wolves, lichen, mosses
and grass. Coral reef: coral, anemones, clown
fish, sponges, etc. City: people, cats, dogs, rats,
insects, pigeons, trees, grass, bushes and flies.
4 (from top to bottom)
city; tundra; coral reef; tundra and coral reef
Page 66.
1 (left) aquatic: rivers; lakes; oceans
(right) terrestrial: deserts; grasslands; forests
2 (a) rainforests; (b) deserts; (c) forests; (d) oceans;
(e) grasslands; (f) lakes or ponds
Page 69.
1 Fauna: deer, lynx, fish, frog, mouse, fox, squirrel,
goose, boar, badger
Flora: deciduous trees, grass, bushes
2 Deer, fish, boar, trees, grasses
3 Food, space, mating, dominance of the group
4 Water, river, rocks near the river, soil, air, sunlight
Page 71.
1 The Sahara (Africa); The Arabian (Asia); The Gobi
(Asia); The Patagonian (South America); The
Great Victorian (Australia)
2 Trees can’t grow above a certain height because
it is too cold and dry. These are perfect conditions
for tundra.
3 Rainforests are found in the Amazon Basin,
Congo and Southeast Asia.
They supply the world’s oxygen. They are the
habitat to over half the species of plants and
animals on Earth. There are medicinal plants
growing there. There are tribes that have lived
there for centuries.
4 Mediterranean forest; temperate deciduous
forest; sub-tropical; mountain or alpine
Page 73.
1 a – 4; b – 1; c – 5; d – 2
2 Student’s own answers. Suggestion: They are
a mixture of natural and artificial elements but
most elements are artificial. They are built for
humans. However plants and animals share the
ecosystem. Some natural elements are designed
such as parks and gardens. Other spaces are
used. Cities and towns have a lot of food.
Animals move in from the wild.
Page 76.
1 living things: animals; microorganisms;
communities; non-living things: air; water; soil
Page 77.
1 a) true; b) false (population); c) false (they
interact); d) false (evergreen trees); e) false
(rainforests)
2 1 – c; 2 – a; 3 – f; 4 – d; 5 – e; 6 – g; 7 – b
3 (a) savannah: tropical areas; flat area dominated
by grasses
(b) rainforest: tropical areas; warm and wet all year
4 a) eagles; b) freshwater; c) flowing;
d) rainforests; e) lakes
5 UNIT REVIEW (Student’s own answer)
6 Types of artificial ecosystems
terrestrial: farmlands, gardens, parks,
greenhouses, orchards, zoos, terrariums
aquatic: aquariums, man-made ponds, fish
farms
urban: buildings, parks, gardens, drains, sewers
Types of natural ecosystems
freshwater flowing water (rivers and streams),
standing water (lakes and ponds, wetlands)
